wka;¾cd,h yd iïnkaO fjk iEu mß.Klhlau iy fudnhs,a Wmdx.la wkkHj yÿkd .ekSug fuu IP ,smsk Ndú;d lrkjd’
b;ska fï IP Address (Internet Protocol) .ek ir,j f;areïlr oSug iïnkaO ,smshl os.yereuhs fï’
oekg wka;¾cd,h ;=< Ndú;d lrkafka 1981 oS yÿkajd ÿka IPv4 f,i yÿkajk IP ,smsk l%uhls’ fuh 32 flake l%uh hkqfjkao yÿkajhs’ fuu.ska IP Address fldaá 430 muK iemhsh yelsh’ tfy;a ;dlaIKsl ìo jeàï ksid ñka 14% wmf;a hdu isÿ fõ’ wka;¾cd,h ;=< w¨;ska Wmdx. tl;= ùu fuhg fya;= úh’ fufia wka;¾cd,h ks¾udKlrejka n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdjQ wdldrfhka f,dalhd w;r ckm%sh ùu ksid fldaá 430 la muK jk IP ,smsk m%udKh ysÕ jk nj ks¾udKlrejka l,a;shdu y÷kd .;af;ah’
fudjqka fuhg ms<shula f,i 1996 oS IETF (The Internet Engineering Task Force) wdh;kh úiska IPv6 l%uh yÿkajd fok ,oS’ fuu iud.u wka;¾cd,fha IP ,smsk ms<sno lghq;= lghq;= md,kh lrk weußldfõ ICANN – (Internet Corporation For Assigned Names in addition to Number) wdh;kfha wkq.%yh ,nk iud.uls¡
f,dj fkdfhla l,dm j,g IP Address ,ndoSu ksid ICANN iud.fï n,h úuOH.;fldg we;’ wfkla w;g INNA – Internet Assigned Number Authority kï wdh;khg fuu n,h mjrñks’ fï wkqj fuu wdh;kh úiska f,dj fkdfhla l,dmj,g IP Address fldgia ,ndoSu isÿ lrhs’ ta wkqj oekg fuu IPv4 iy IPv6 l%uhka 2 u f,dj mqrd l%shd;aulhs’ oekg ksIamdokh lrk mß.Kl Wmdx.hka,Web browser fuu IPv4 iy IPv6 hk l%u folgu l%shd;aul jk whqßka ks¾Kh lrhs’
bkag¾fkÜ fm%dfgdafld,a iQÜ (Internet Protocol Suite)
wka;¾cd,h hkq mß.Kl yd fjk;a Wmdx. w;r ikaksfõokh imhk udOHhls’wka;¾cd,hg iïnkaO fkdfhla Wmdx. w;r iïnkaO;dj we;s lrkq ,nkafka cd;Hka;rj ms<s.;a ;dlaIKsl iïuq;Ska fyj;a fm%dfgdafld,a j,g wkqjh’ wka;¾cd,h fï ;sfnk ld,hg mj;ajdf.k hkakg fhdod .efkk fm%dfgdaflda, yÿkajkafka bkag¾fkÜ fm%dfgdafld,a iQÜ (Internet Protocol Suite)hkqfjks’ we;a;gu lsõfjd;a fuh meflachls’ fuu meflachg Wm fm%dfgdaflda,a i;rls’ tkï,
- Application Layer
- Transport Layer
- Internet Layer
- Link Layer
IP Address m%Odk jYfhka fldgia follska hqla; fõ’
1.Static IP Address
Static hk jpkfhka woyia jkafka iaÓr hkakhs’ tkï iaÓr IP Address jk fuh ,xldfõ nyq,j Ndú;d fkdflf¾’ fuysoS IP ,smskh lsisúgl;a fjkia jkafka ke;’ tuksid ta fya;=fjka úkdYldÍ f,i yeisfrk mqoa.,hkaf.ka iy fiajd j,ska Tjqkaf.a IP Address tl wdrlaId lr .; hq;=h’ ta ksid Tjqkaf.a mß.Klh úúO Wml%u fhdod wdrlaId l,hq;=u fõ’fuh fjk;a flfkl= w;g m;ajqjfyd;a Tyq Tng ydksodhl f,i yeisÍfï wjOdkula ;sfí¡
Static hk jpkfhka woyia jkafka iaÓr hkakhs’ tkï iaÓr IP Address jk fuh ,xldfõ nyq,j Ndú;d fkdflf¾’ fuysoS IP ,smskh lsisúgl;a fjkia jkafka ke;’ tuksid ta fya;=fjka úkdYldÍ f,i yeisfrk mqoa.,hkaf.ka iy fiajd j,ska Tjqkaf.a IP Address tl wdrlaId lr .; hq;=h’ ta ksid Tjqkaf.a mß.Klh úúO Wml%u fhdod wdrlaId l,hq;=u fõ’fuh fjk;a flfkl= w;g m;ajqjfyd;a Tyq Tng ydksodhl f,i yeisÍfï wjOdkula ;sfí¡
2.Dynamic IP Address
fuu IP ,smsk l%uh j¾;udkfha nyq,j oelsh yelsh’ fuysoS wms wka¾cd,hg iïnkaO jk jdrhla mdid wmg ysñjkafka w¨;a IP Address tlls’ we;eï úg fmr mej;s IP Address tl jqj;a ysñúh yel’ fuu.ska Tnf.a IP ,smskh ksYaÑ;j oek.; fkdyel’ tu ksid Tng fï iïnkaOfhka jeä wjOdkhla fkdue;’ tfy;a ISP yryd f;dr;=re ,nd.; yels nj isys;nd .; hq;=h¡
Tnf.a IP Address tl fydhd.kafka fldfyduo @
fï ioyd úúO l%ufõo ;snqK;a jvd;a myiq jkafka fuu fiajdj imhk fjí wvúhl iyh ,nd.ekSuhs’ fu;kska msúi Tnf.a IP oek.kak’ ke;fyd;a Tng CMD fyj;a Command Prompt u; “ipconfig” f,i ghsma lr Enter lsÍfuka miq IP ,smskh fidhd.; yel’